In 1999, the Engineer acted as a quasi-neutral. In 2017, the Engineer is now formally required to issue a determination for almost every dispute or claim before arbitration. This is a binding, provisional decision unless challenged via the new Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Board (DAAB).
The best practical guides include color-coded matrices comparing the Red Book (works designed by Employer), Yellow Book (works designed by Contractor), and Silver Book (EPC/Turnkey). For example: fidic 2017 a practical legal guide pdf updated
Here is the critical nuance most search engines miss. The “FIDIC 2017” books were formally republished in 2022 with corrections (the “2017/2022” editions). These amendments clarified ambiguous time bars and adjusted the DAAB appointment rules. An updated guide will flag exactly what changed in 2022. An outdated guide will lead you to use the wrong form of Appendix – General Conditions. In 1999, the Engineer acted as a quasi-neutral